Portrait miniatures, painted in oil, vitreous enamel, or watercolour, were popular among the elite and middle classes until the development of photography in the mid 19th century. They were commissioned as portable keepsakes for loved ones, used as a method of introduction over distance, or worn as a sign of loyalty to the subject. The earliest examples were painted on copper or vellum but from the 1710s, watercolour on thin sheets of ivory became the standard medium
The emergence of the ‘middle sort’ in the Georgian era encouraged the market for portraiture and saw both the emergence of the professionally trained miniature artist (the trio of acknowledged masters of the genre Richard Cosway, John Smart, and Richard Crosse were all born in the 1740s) and formal recognition of the genre by the Royal Academy. With a few exceptions, the last great miniature painters were from the Victorian era.
Miniatures have been granted an exception under the UK’s proposed ivory ban. However, like so many areas of the collecting market, there is a marked financial distinction between the best examples and routine pieces that are far more price sensitive. The subject is often divided by period, artist, medium, nationality, and subject matter. Survivors from the Tudor and Stuart period are scarcer than those from later eras. Children, attractive women or named military, literary or theatrical sitters are typically more commercial than anonymous middle-aged men. The presence of an original frame is also an important component when coming to a valuation.
Portrait miniatures now feature in our bi-annual sales of Old Master, British & European Art, to be held each September and March.
Our specialists hold regular valuation days. Please contact us for more information, or complete the online form to enquire about the valuation of your items.
Want to know how much your Portrait Miniatures may be worth? Fill out our easy to use form and a member of the team will be in touch with free advice shortly.
Spanning nearly five decades of dedicated collecting and curating, works from both the gallery and personal holdings of Malcolm Innes form this distinguished collection featuring in our 28 May Old Master, British & European Art sale.
15 May 2025
Celebrated artist John Emms is best known for his masterful depictions of hounds and terriers. We are delighted to offer his painting 'Two greyhounds' in our 28 May Old Master, British & European Art auction.
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An architect of social imagination; Frederick Soulacroix (1858–1933) crafted images that reflected the aspirations and anxieties of a rapidly changing world, exploring cultural ideals and social class. A selection of these exquisite paintings will be offered in our 28 May Old Master, British & European Art auction.
6 May 2025